SINCE 2016, THE UNDERSECRETARIAT OF CULTURES AND THE ARTS HAS FED A DIAGNOSIS ON GENDER INEQUITIES, GAPS AND BARRIERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTISTIC EXPRESSIONS IN CHILE. IN ORDER TO DO THIS ,IT HAS DEVELOPED A SERIES OF STUDIES RELATED TO THE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN THE ARTISTIC FIELD : "STUDY ON ART, CULTURE AND GENDER: APPROACH TO A DIAGNOSIS" (2016), "STUDY ON MIGRANT WOMEN: THEIR LINKAGE AND APPROPRIATION OF CULTURAL GOODS AND SERVICES IN THE ANTOFAGASTA, VALPARAISO AND METROPOLITAN REGIONS" (2017), "STUDY OF WOMEN ARTISTS IN THE VISUAL ARTS MACRO-AREA: GENDER GAPS, BARRIERS AND INEQUITIES IN THE CHILEAN ARTISTIC FIELD" (2018). AND, "WOMEN ARTISTS IN THE FIELD OF MUSIC: BARRIERS AND GENDER GAPS IN THE CHILEAN ART SECTOR" (2019).
THE DIAGNOSIS HAS MADE IT POSSIBLE TO ESTABLISH THAT THE CULTURAL - ARTISTIC FIELD PRESENTS A SERIES OF GENDER INEQUALITIES THAT REQUIRE AN INTERVENTION OF PUBLIC POLICIES TO TEND TO AN IMPROVEMENT OF THE DISADVANTAGED SITUATION THAT WOMEN LIVE TO DEVELOP THEIR CREATIVE ACTIVITY, OR ALSO, TO ACCESS THIS TYPE OF ACTIVITIES AS PUBLIC:
- WOMEN, DESPITE BEING THE MAJORITY IN CERTAIN DOMAINS, EARN A LOWER SALARY IN ALL CULTURAL DOMAINS.
- CREATIVE WOMEN HAVE ADDITIONAL DIFFICULTIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR CREATIVE ACTIVITY THAT CAUSE THE INTERRUPTION OF THEIR CAREER AND PROBLEMS FOR REINTEGRATION OR ACCESS TO FUNDS.
- THE DIFFICULTIES ARE RELATED TO THE MULTIPLE ROLES THEY MUST FULFILL SUCH AS MATERNITY, CARE WORK, NEED FOR FIXED INCOME.
- THERE ARE MASCULINIZED AND OTHER FEMINIZED CULTURAL DOMAINS, THEREFORE, THERE IS NO GENDER EQUITY IN CULTURAL PARTICIPATION WITHIN CERTAIN FIELDS.
- REGARDLESS OF THE GREATER PRESENCE OF WOMEN IN CERTAIN DOMAINS, THERE ARE IN SOME CASES "GLASS CEILINGS", WHICH IMPEDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN IN CERTAIN ROLES, AND WHICH REFLECT THE SEGMENTATION OF THE FIELD ACCORDING TO SEX, FOR EXAMPLE: BEING A MONTAJISTA AND NOT CAMERAWOMAN, DEDICATE HERSELF TO MANUFACTURING INPUTS RATHER THAN VISUAL ART, ETC.
REGARDING THE FOREGOING, "GLASS CEILINGS" ARE ALSO PRESENTED TO PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT, DECISION POSITIONS OR THAT DENOTE SYMBOLIC POWER WITHIN A DOMAIN; THERE ARE GENDER STEREOTYPES, AND ALSO, GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE PRACTICES (SEXISM, SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND ABUSE OF POWER) IN THE FIELD OF CULTURES, BOTH IN THE LABOR AND EDUCATIONAL FIELDS;
- IN ACCESS TO CULTURE FUNDS, THERE ARE ALSO GENDER INEQUALITIES, REFLECTED IN GAPS IN THE APPLICATION AND SELECTION OF CALLS. GREATER GAPS ARE PRESENT IN THE NATIONAL MUSIC DEVELOPMENT FUND; AUDIOVISUAL DEVELOPMENT FUND AND BOOK AND READING DEVELOPMENT FUND; AND
- THE MAIN GAPS ESTABLISHED BY CULTURAL STATISTICS ARE: SALARY GAP, ALL DOMAINS HAVE A SALARY GAP IN FAVOR OF MEN, AN EXCEPTION OF "CRAFTS". GAP IN THE NUMBER OF WORKERS IN THE CULTURAL SECTOR BY DOMAIN: THERE ARE FEMINIZED AND OTHER MASCULINIZED FIELDS, DESPITE THIS, IN THE SUM OF TOTAL WORKERS FOR THE CULTURAL SECTOR, WE FIND THAT THE DISTRIBUTION TO GENERAL WORSE.
BY 2020, AN EXAMPLE OF A CONCRETE ACTION AS A RESULT OF THIS INSTITUTIONAL WORK, THE SIGNING OF A MUTUAL COLLABORATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE REGIONAL MINISTERIAL SECRETARIAT FOR WOMEN AND GENDER EQUITY AND THE REGIONAL MINISTERIAL SECRETARIAT OF CULTURES, ARTS AND HERITAGE FROM THE LIBERTADOR GENERAL BERNARDO O'HIGGINS REGION. THE AUTHORITIES EXPLAINED THAT ONE OF THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THIS INTERINSTITUTIONAL ALLIANCE IS THE PROMOTION OF FEMALE PARTICIPATION IN THE POSTULATION, AWARDING AND EXECUTION OF AVAILABLE FUNDS; THE STRENGTHENING OF THE ECONOMIC AUTONOMY OF THE CRAFTSWOMEN, ARTISTS, ENTREPRENEURS AND CULTURES OF THE REGION OF THE LIBERTADOR GENERAL BERNARDO O'HIGGINS, THROUGH THE GENERATION OF SHOWCASE SPACES AND MARKETING OF THEIR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES; ESTABLISH A COORDINATED SUPPORT OF COOPERATION NETWORKS AND INITIATIVES RELATED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN. IT WAS EMPHASIZED THAT THE INITIATIVE VALUES THE SEARCH FOR THE INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN.
- "STUDY ON ART, CULTURE AND GENDER: APPROACH TO A DIAGNOSIS" - US $ 6,345.98.
- "STUDY ON MIGRANT WOMEN: THEIR LINKING AND APPROPRIATION OF CULTURAL GOODS AND SERVICES IN THE ANTOFAGASTA, VALPARAISO AND METROPOLITAN REGIONS" - US $ 10,153.57.
- "STUDY OF WOMEN ARTISTS IN THE VISUAL ARTS MACRO-AREA: GENDER GAPS, BARRIERS AND INEQUITIES IN THE CHILEAN ARTISTIC FIELD" - US $ 8,884.37.
- "WOMEN ARTISTS IN THE MUSIC FIELD: BARRIERS AND GENDER GAPS IN THE CHILEAN ARTISTIC SECTOR" - US $ 7,615.18.
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